The Paris Agreement

The Paris Agreement is a legally binding international treaty on climate change, adopted by 196 Parties at the UN Climate Change Conference (COP21) in Paris in 2015. Its overarching goal is to hold “the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2°C...

Corporate social responsibility (CSR)

A management concept whereby companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business operations and interactions with their stakeholders. Corporate social responsibility is understood as being the way through which a company achieves a balance of...

Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD)

Replacing the NFRD (Non-Financial Reporting Directive) is this regulation that will require companies to create an annual sustainability report using the European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS) that is electronically readable and searchable. In addition to...

Double materiality

Double materiality is the concept that organisations take into consideration both how sustainability criteria could impact their business, representing a potential financial risk to the business (this is an inwards approach), as well as, how their business can/does...

Downstream

The part of an organisation’s value chain which occurs after a product or service reaches the organisation’s own operations (e.g. warehousing, logistics transportation, end-of-life).

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